Biosensors: Theory and Applications

Biosensors are analytical devices that combine a biological component with a physicochemical detector to measure the presence or concentration of chemicals, biomolecules, or microorganisms. The biological element, such as enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, or cells, interacts specifically with the target analyte, producing a signal proportional to its amount. This signal is then converted into a measurable response by the transducer, which can be optical, electrochemical, piezoelectric, or thermal. Biosensors are widely used in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and bioprocess control. They offer advantages such as high specificity, sensitivity, rapid response, and the ability for real-time analysis. Recent advancements have focused on enhancing their portability, stability, and integration with electronic systems, paving the way for innovative applications in point-of-care testing, wearable health monitors, and smart devices. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of biosensors. The various advancements in biosensor technology and their applications as well as ramifications are looked at in detail in this book. The topics covered herein offer the readers new insights in this field.