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A batch of the best highlights from what Todd's read, .

the more fructose we ingest (whether as pure fructose or as sucrose or HFCS), the easier it becomes for us to absorb and metabolize fructose the next time we are exposed. The same is true for our ability to make fructose: the more fructose we make, the better we become at it.

Nature Wants Us to Be Fat

Richard Johnson and David Perlmutter

I believe the reason that animals on a low-calorie diet live longer is that there is a cost to putting on fat. The food we eat is either broken down into immediate energy (which we call adenosine triphosphate, or ATP) or turned into stored energy (such as fat). Usually the calories we eat are turned into immediately available ATP. To instead store these calories for later, our cells must reduce the production of ATP and divert the excess calories to fat. Our research group determined that this is done through exposing the cells’ “energy factories” (also known as mitochondria), where most of the ATP is produced, to a phenomenon called oxidative stress. Thus, the cost of storing fat is some oxidative stress to our energy factories. If sustained for decades, this stress can lead to reduced function in—and even the loss of—these factories, which are responsible for the energy we need to maintain our bodies at full throttle.

Nature Wants Us to Be Fat

Richard Johnson and David Perlmutter

Psychologists will tell you that gratitude is one of the strongest, if not the strongest, predictors of happiness. And why is that? Because to feel grateful is to experience life as a gift, as an experience of grace and joy.

Reviving Old Scratch

Richard Beck

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