📚 Michael's Highlights

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A batch of the best highlights from what 🤓 Michael's read, .

We must not confuse high-level compromise with a priori consensus.

Principles Alone Cannot Guarantee Ethical AI

Brent Mittelstadt

Birhane and Prabhu note, echoing Ruha Benjamin [15], “Feeding AI systems on the world’s beauty, ugliness, and cruelty, but expecting it to reflect only the beauty is a fantasy.” [p.1541]

On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? "1F99C

Emily M. Bender; Timnit Gebru; Angelina McMillan-Major; Shmargaret Shmitchell

First, there is the __‘embodiment relation’__, schematically indicated as *(human—technology) → world*. In this relation, technologies are extensions of the body, as it were. Humans experience the world ‘through’ the technologies here, as when wearing glasses, or using hearing aids. A relation with the world is also possible from the __‘hermeneutic relation’__, though, schematically indicated as *human → (technology—world)*. Some technologies give us access to the world by giving a representation of it, that requires human interpretation in order to be meaningful—hence the name ‘hermeneutic’—like a thermometer that gives a number rather than a sensation of temperature, or a sonogram that gives a visual representation of an unborn child on the basis of reflected ultrasonic soundwaves. A third relation is the so-called __‘alterity relation’__, schematically indicated as *human → technology (world)*. In this relation there is a direct interaction between humans and technologies, like when someone operates a copying machine, or repairs a car. The fourth and last relation Ihde distinguishes is the __background relation__, indicated as *human (technology/world)*. From this relation, technologies have an impact on our relation with the world, without being explicitly experienced themselves. An air conditioning that automatically switches on and off, for instance, creates a context for the experience of human beings by producing noise or creating a specific temperature of the room.

The Onlife Manifesto

Luciano Floridi, editor

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