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Yet the stimulus never really stopped. Instead, debt has become the motor at the core of Chinese growth. In absolute terms, China’s debt looks manageable. It’s difficult to measure precisely, but at the end of 2016, the total stock of nonfinancial debt in China, relative to the size of the economy, was about 260%, roughly the same as that of the United States (although some estimates put it significantly higher). However, the concern is not the total amount of debt but the speed at which it has accumulated. In 2008, China’s debt-to-GDP was only 160%. Experience shows that when a country accumulates too much debt relative to the size of its economy too quickly, a crisis typically follows. In fact, China’s debt accumulation could be among the fastest in modern history. According to the People’s Bank of China, since 2008, the Chinese economy has added about $12 trillion worth of debt, roughly the size of the entire U.S. banking system in that year. China’s banking system has quadrupled in size over the last nine years. Alarms are starting to go off in financial centers around the world.
China's Great Wall of Debt
Dinny McMahon
THE RESULTS ARE very consistent. Drugs that raise insulin levels cause weight gain. Drugs that have no effect on insulin levels are weight neutral. Drugs that lower insulin levels cause weight loss. The effect on weight is independent of the effect on blood sugar. A recent study29 suggests that 75 percent of the weight-loss response in obesity is predicted by insulin levels. Not willpower. Not caloric intake. Not peer support or peer pressure. Not exercise. Just insulin. Insulin causes obesity—which means that insulin must be one of the major controllers of the body set weight. As insulin goes up, the body set weight goes up. The hypothalamus sends out hormonal signals to the body to gain weight. We become hungry and eat. If we deliberately restrict caloric intake, then our total energy expenditure will decrease. The result is still the same—weight gain. As the insightful Gary Taubes wrote in his book Why We Get Fat: And What to Do about It, “We do not get fat because we overeat. We overeat because we get fat.” And why do we get fat? We get fat because our body set weight thermostat is set too high. Why? Because our insulin levels are too high.
The Obesity Code
Jason Fung and Timothy Noakes
As you work on implementing Power 10s throughout your day to modulate your stress level, you’ll eventually reach the point where you can shorten them to Power 5s or even Power 1s. Clients who have worked with me for more than a year are often able to let go of their stressor in fewer than 3 breaths.
Heart Breath Mind
Leah Lagos
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