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I have now been researching healthy longevity for more than thirty years, studying the links between nutrition and the genes that regulate cellular protection and regeneration. The Longevity Diet collects what I have learned and puts it into a simple program anyone can live by. It is as simple as adopting the daily nutritional regimen I outline and combining it periodically (two to twelve times per year, depending on your general health) with my fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), which is exactly what it sounds like: a diet that mimics a fast, providing the benefits of fasting without the deprivation and hunger. Combining these two elements, I have discovered, can protect, regenerate, and rejuvenate the body to keep us young and healthy longer. This is achieved in part by turning back the biological aging clock, which means that these diets can be adopted by relatively young people to help delay aging and prevent disease, and also by older individuals to help them return to a more youthful state. The FMD is also clinically proven to stimulate the loss of abdominal fat while conserving muscle and bone mass. These benefits are generated by switching on the human body’s own remarkable ability to activate stem cells and regenerate parts of cells, systems, and organs, leading to a reduction of risk factors for many diseases. In the chapters that follow, I will explain first why it works, then how it works.
The Longevity Diet
Valter Longo
It tends to surprise people how humble aspiring greats seem to have been. What do you mean they weren’t aggressive, entitled, aware of their own greatness or their destiny? The reality is that, though they were confident, the act of being an eternal student kept these men and women humble. “It is impossible to learn that which one thinks one already knows,” Epictetus says. You can’t learn if you think you already know. You will not find the answers if you’re too conceited and self-assured to ask the questions. You cannot get better if you’re convinced you are the best. The art of taking feedback is such a crucial skill in life, particularly harsh and critical feedback. We not only need to take this harsh feedback, but actively solicit it, labor to seek out the negative precisely when our friends and family and brain are telling us that we’re doing great. The ego avoids such feedback at all costs, however. Who wants to remand themselves to remedial training? It thinks it already knows how and who we are—that is, it thinks we are spectacular, perfect, genius, truly innovative. It dislikes reality and prefers its own assessment.
Ego Is the Enemy
Ryan Holiday
In another study of college students, this time at the University of Hong Kong, Dweck and her colleagues showed how these beliefs can influence important real-life decisions. At the University of Hong Kong, all classes are conducted entirely in English, despite the fact that some of the students are not yet proficient in English when they arrive on campus. So Dweck asked those students whose English could use some improvement if they would be interested in enrolling in a remedial English proficiency course. Only the students who believed that they could get smarter (the incremental theorists) showed any interest in the course—73 percent of these students were willing to enroll. Those who believed their smartness was fixed (the entity theorists) wanted nothing to do with it—only 13 percent of these students expressed a willingness to take the course. Most of them did not think a remedial course could actually help them improve. And just as important, they believed that taking a remedial course would publicly expose their lack of ability.3
Succeed
Heidi Grant Halvorson Ph.D. and Carol S. Dweck
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